south african surname originssouth african surname origins

Use census records and voter lists to see where families with the South African surname lived. [131], Public opinion in South Africa split along racial and ethnic lines. Available at, Edgerton, Robert B, Africa's armies: from honor to infamy: a history from 1791 to the present (2002) p.109. After the March 1960 massacre of 69 peaceful demonstrators at Sharpeville, and the subsequent declaration of a state of emergency, and the banning of anti-apartheid parties including the African National Congress (ANC), the Pan-Africanist Congress (PAC), and the Communist Party of South Africa, the focus of national resistance turned to armed struggle and underground activity. (, Viljoen, Russel S. (1995). At the start of the war, Bank of England officials in London worked with South Africa to block gold shipments to Germany, and force mine owners to sell only to the British Treasury, at prices set by the Treasury. [239] The government owned power utility Eskom has been plagued with corruption and mismanagement, most notability during the presidency of Jacob Zuma, which has limited its ability to resolve the crisis. [citation needed] Natalia was a short-lived Boer republic established in 1839 by Boer Voortrekkers emigrating from the Cape Colony. Hetherington, Penelope. The Cape nonetheless remained nominally part of the British Empire, even though it was self-governing in practice. Khumalo: Pretorius: Pretorius is a surname of Germanic origins. By 1987, total military expenditure amounted to about 28% of the national budget. 83,000 Blacks and 2,500 Coloureds and Asians also served in either German South-West Africa, East Africa, the Middle East, or on the Western Front in Europe. FamilyEducation does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. An academic study conducted in 2006, found that South Africans showed levels of xenophobia greater than anywhere else in the world. The "aliens" objected to being denied parliamentary representation and the right to vote, and they complained also of bureaucratic government delays in the issuing of licenses and permits, and general administrative incompetence on the part of the government.[119]. In a referendum held on 17 March 1992, the white electorate voted 68% in favour of democracy. [175][176], In early-November 1975, immediately after Portugal granted independence to its former African colony of Angola, civil war broke out between the rival UNITA and MPLA movements. 21,000 of them were deployed to France as stevedores at French ports, where they were housed in segregated compounds. No gold was ever discovered in the annexed territory. These are collectively known as the Khoisan, a modern European portmanteau of these two tribes' names. In November 1497, a fleet of Portuguese ships under the command of the Portuguese mariner Vasco da Gama rounded the Cape of Good Hope. Colin Newbury, "Technology, Capital, and Consolidation: The Performance of De Beers Mining Company Limited, 18801889". [172][173], South African security forces during the latter part of the apartheid era had a policy of destabilising neighbouring states, supporting opposition movements, conducting sabotage operations and attacking ANC bases and places of refuge for exiles in those states. Lerato (Southern African origin), meaning "love" in Sotho, pronounced LE-raa-too. Many of the Natalia Boers who refused to acknowledge British rule trekked over the Drakensberg mountains to settle in the Orange Free State and Transvaal republics.[58]. [41] Another theory attributes the epicentre of Zulu violence to the slave trade out of Delgoa Bay in Mozambique situated to the north of Zululand. Luter South African. 469503. Meaning: 'Lion.' 3. A strong relationship existed between the African National Congress (ANC) and the UDF, based on the shared mission statement of the Freedom Charter. Ismail bowled a delivery at a speed of 80 miles per hour i.e. [27], The VOC had settled at the Cape in order to supply their trading ships. The Dutch East India Company (in the Dutch of the day: Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie, or VOC) decided to establish a permanent settlement at the Cape in 1652. [143], General Jan Smuts was the only important non-British general whose advice was constantly sought by Britain's war-time Prime Minister Winston Churchill. Open hostilities ceased between the Orange Free State and the Basotho. Means "gratitude" in Sotho. [144] He returned in 1923, and continued working in the Union of South Africa as a German Spy for the Third Reich. [118] The enormous wealth of the mines was in the hands of European "Randlords" overseeing the mainly British foreign managers, mining foremen, engineers and technical specialists, characterised by the Boers as uitlander, meaning aliens. The progenitors of the extended clan are Willem Schalk van der Merwe (born in "Broeck", probably [[Broek= Babyloninbroek], province Noord-Brabant May 1634,in Babyloninbroek (Broek) and . The 1820s saw a time of immense upheaval relating to the military expansion of the Zulu Kingdom, which replaced the original African clan system with kingdoms. The ANC-led government, in a historic reversal of policy, adopted neoliberalism instead. [116] The conflict ended almost as soon as it began with a decisive Boer victory at Battle of Majuba Hill (27 February 1881). [14][15][16] The initial origin of the Khoikhoi remains uncertain.[17][18]. There are 642 immigration records available for the last name South African. 142168. 37. It caused the consolidation of groups such as the Matebele, the Mfengu and the Makololo. Special African Surnames, their Origin and What they Mean 1. The country became a fully sovereign nation state within the British Empire, in 1934 following enactment of the Status of the Union Act. [117], The cause of the AngloBoer wars has been attributed to a contest over which nation would control and benefit most from the Witwatersrand gold mines. "Frontier Settlement in Early Dutch South Africa,". The stat was also shown on television, which . The weaker and less-skilled Dingaan became king, relaxing military discipline while continuing the despotism. A succession of wars followed from 1858 to 1868 between the Basotho kingdom and the Boer republic of Orange Free State. By 1869, diamonds were found at some distance from any stream or river, in hard rock called blue ground, later called kimberlite, after the mining town of Kimberley where the diamond diggings were concentrated. South African surnames. [102], In 1888, British mining magnate Cecil John Rhodes co-founded De Beers Consolidated Mines at Kimberley, after buying up and amalgamating the individual claims with finance provided by the Rothschild dynasty. [174] These states, forming a regional alliance of southern African states, were named collectively as the Frontline States: Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Mozambique, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia and, from 1980, Zimbabwe. The name is derived from the dutch word Prins (meaning prince), and a loo suffix meaning clearing in the forest. A president may serve a maximum of two terms. Smith: A common name of English origin, Smith means someone who works with metal. The Union of South Africa came to an end after a referendum on 5 October 1960, in which a majority of white South Africans voted in favour of unilateral withdrawal from the British Commonwealth and the establishment of a Republic of South Africa. Tau m Southern African, Tswana, Sotho. These are the 10 most common African American surnames according to the 2000 census: Williams: Williams is a patronymic of English origin of someone with a forebear named William. Cattle rustling ensued and a party of Boers under the leadership of Piet Retief were killed. Many urban blacks supported the war expecting it would raise their status in society. [40], Various theories have been advanced for the causes of the difaqane, ranging from ecological factors to competition in the ivory trade. Some members of the Torch Commando subsequently became leading figures in the armed wing of the banned African National Congress. As one of their first tasks they outlawed the use of the Dutch language in 1806 with the view of converting the European settlers to the British language and culture. 2. Passenger lists are your ticket to knowing when your ancestors arrived in the USA, and how they made the journey - from the ship name to ports of arrival and departure. [202] The Africanists broke away from the ANC to form the Pan-Africanist Congress and its military wing named Poqo, which became active mainly in the Cape provinces. Like a window into their day-to-day life, South African census records can tell you where and how . South Africa's prehistory has been divided into two phases based on broad patterns of technology namely the Stone Age and Iron Age.After the discovery of hominins at Taung and australopithecine fossils in limestone caves at Sterkfontein, Swartkrans, and Kromdraai these areas were collectively . The independent Boer republic of Orange Free State evolved from colonial Britain's Orange River Sovereignty, enforced by the presence of British troops, which lasted from 1848 to 1854 in the territory between the Orange and Vaal rivers, named Transorange. The government declared martial law on 14 October 1914, and forces loyal to the government under the command of generals Louis Botha and Jan Smuts defeated the rebellion. [206], A non-racial United Democratic Front (UDF) coalition of about 400 civic, church, student, trade union and other organisations emerged in 1983. Pronounce it KAH-yah. The Boers took a defensive position with the high banks of the Ncome River forming a natural barrier to their rear with their ox waggons as barricades between themselves and the attacking Zulu army. Rhodes and Rudd had earlier made fortunes from diamond mining at Kimberley. [11][12][13], The San and Khoikhoi are essentially distinguished only by their respective occupations. In order to prevent UNITA's collapse and cement the rule of a friendly government, South Africa intervened on 23 October, sending between 1,500 and 2,000 troops from Namibia into southern Angola in order to fight the MPLA. In 1688, the Dutch and the Germans were joined by French Huguenots, Calvinist Protestants fleeing religious persecution in France under its Catholic ruler, King Louis XIV. During the administration of President Jacob Zuma corruption in South Africa had also become a growing problem. If you wish to find out what records South African Ancestry has for a specific family or surname then please enter the relevant surname or maiden name in the relevant field below and click on "search" to see a full list of our available records. Chidubem - This name is Igbo for "God is my guide." Igwe - Many Igbo people in South Africa have this last name. The name is pronounced Col-u-WHA. [134] The South African government issued no war service medal to the black servicemen and the special medal issued by King George V to "native troops" that served the Empire, the British War Medal in bronze, was disallowed and not issued to the SANLC. Variant spellings include Prinzloo and Prinslo. [96], The Crown Colony of Griqualand West was annexed into the Cape Colony in 1877, enacted into law in 1880. It comes from the word Latin "praetor" and it's very common in South Africa. The exact numbers of all the victims may never be known. When he did not pay the fine in full, a battle broke out on the Berea Plateau in 1852, where the British suffered heavy losses. Owners who had purchased slaves on credit or put them up as surety against loans faced financial ruin. 31. The Democratic Party and Pan Africanist Congress, among others, formed a parliamentary opposition in the country's first non-racial parliament. Fourie, J.; Boshoff, W. (2010). A local trader Dick King and his servant Ndongeni, who later became folk heroes, were able to escape the blockade and ride to Grahamstown, a distance of 600km (372.82 miles) in 14 days to raise British reinforcements. It also meant the apartheid government could no longer link apartheid and its purported legitimacy to the protection of Christian values and civilisation in the face of the rooi gevaar, meaning "red danger" or the threat of communism. They saw this as the best way to come to terms with the fact of a white Afrikaner majority, as well as to promote their larger strategic interests in the area. [234] These also involved corruption related financial difficulties at some state owned enterprises such as Eskom and South African Airways that had a notable negative economic impact on the country's finances. "Neoliberalism and resistance in South Africa", "How the ANC's Faustian pact sold out South Africa's poorest", "White South Africans are leaving the country in their thousands: Stats SA", "More black than white South Africans leaving the country", "More skilled black professionals are leaving South Africa", "Rabbi Goldstein, as part of NIFC-SA, reaches out to Lonmin victims", "Spat within tripartite alliance runs deep", "BETRAYAL OF THE PROMISE: HOW SOUTH AFRICA IS BEING STOLEN", "The political economy of corruption: elite-formation,factions and violence", "South Africa's Scandal-Hit State Firms Put Economy on 'Cliff's Edge', "South Africa's economic growth affected by mismatch of electricity supply and demand", "ENERGY EQUITY OP-ED: Universal access to electricity is a necessary prerequisite to ending poverty itself", "How the ANC government broke Eskom 2008 versus 2018", "South Africa: How Jacob Zuma helped destroy Eskom", 2011 UNHCR country operations profile South Africa, "S Africa violence spreads after Jacob Zuma jailed", "Deaths climb to 72 in South Africa riots after Zuma jailed", "South Africa deploys military as protests turn violent in wake of Jacob Zuma's jailing", "LIVE UPDATES: Looting and violence in Gauteng and KZN", "Mapisa-Nqakula: We have deployed 25 000 soldiers", "Flare-up in taxi war sparks looting alarm in Cape Town city centre", "Cyber attacks expose the vulnerability of South Africa's ports", "Call to 'connect dots between insurrection modus operandi and crippling Transnet cyber attack', "Written sources from the fifteenth century onwards", Dean Peter Krogh Foreign Affairs Digital Archives, Dr Cyril Hromnk on research into ancient history of Africa, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_South_Africa&oldid=1141882968. 2. The monarchy came to an end on 31 May 1961, replaced by a republic as the consequence of a 1960 referendum, which legitimised the country becoming the Republic of South Africa. [77][78] To European settlers in Southern Africa, the same form of tribute was believed to constitute purchase and permanent ownership of the land under independent authority. It translates as "of the roof". Boer Voortrekkers in 1838 established the Republic of Natalia in the surrounding region, with its capital at Pietermaritzburg. After lengthy negotiations under the auspices of the Convention for a Democratic South Africa (CODESA), a draft constitution was published on 26 July 1993, containing concessions towards all sides: a federal system of regional legislatures, equal voting-rights regardless of race, and a bicameral legislature. After 1806, a number of Dutch-speaking inhabitants of the Cape Colony trekked inland, first in small groups. Between 1847 and 1854, Harry Smith, governor and high commissioner of the Cape Colony, annexed territories far to the north of original British and Dutch settlement. [100] Revenue accruing to the Cape Colony from the Kimberley diamond diggings enabled the Cape Colony to be granted responsible government status in 1872, since it was no longer dependent on the British Treasury and hence allowing it to be fully self-governing in similar fashion to the federation of Canada, New Zealand and some of the Australian states. In 1836, when Boer Voortrekkers (pioneers) arrived in the northwestern part of present-day South Africa, they came into conflict with a Ndebele sub-group that the settlers named "Matabele", under chief Mzilikazi. It has been described as one of the most important paleontological discoveries in modern times. In 1854, the British handed over the territory to the Boers through the signing of the Sand River Convention. Friction between the Griquas and the settlers over land rights resulted in British troops being sent to the region in 1845. In 1896, the German Kaiser Kaiser Wilhelm had enraged Britain by sending congratulations to Boer republican leader Paul Kruger after Kruger's commandos captured a column of British South Africa Company soldiers engaged in an armed incursion and abortive insurrection, known historically as the Jameson Raid, into Boer territory. Large corporations were allowed to shift their main listings abroad. [92], During the final campaign, Sekukuni (also spelled Sekhukhune) and members of his entourage took refuge in a mountain cave where he was cut off from food and water. The first KhoikhoiDutch War broke out in 1659, the second in 1673, and the third 16741677. Economically, South Africa supplied two-thirds of gold production in the British Empire, with most of the remainder coming from Australia. Da Gama's fleet proceeded northwards to Zanzibar and later sailed eastwards, eventually reaching India and opening the Cape Route between Europe and Asia. The apartheid-era South African military and political intelligence services, for their part, worked closely with American, British and West German secret services throughout the Cold War. The rebellion was suppressed, and at least one officer was sentenced to death and executed by firing squad. About three thousand Zulu warriors died in the clash known historically as the Battle of Blood River.[81][82]. The survivors were captured and allegedly enslaved. Abebe: The genesis of this Ethiopian name is Amharic, and it means 'flower' or 'blossom'. . After an unsuccessful appeal for aid from the British Empire, Moshoeshoe signed the 1866 treaty of Thaba Bosiu, with the Basotho ceding substantial territory to the Orange Free State. The role of the Boer settlers was replaced by subsidised British immigrants of whom 5,000 arrived between 1849 and 1851. The meaning of this strong African boys' name makes it ideal for the first son of a family that has Ibibio ancestry. [114] The decision was made to start importing Chinese indentured labourers who were prepared to work for far less wages than local African labourers. [230][231][232] Notable corruption related scandals during this period included incidents of widespread state capture[233] often involving allegations against the Gupta family. A list of references about Personal Names or Surnames at the Local History and Genealogy Reading Room at the Library of Congress. For the veterans among your South African ancestors, military collections provide insights into where and when they served, and even physical descriptions. Both sides adopted scorched-earth tactics, with large swathes of pasturage and cropland being destroyed. By the time it was finally quelled, hundreds of protesters had been shot dead with many more wounded or arrested by police. Boujettif Northern African (Archaic) Meaning, "The family of the son of the Clever Head" or "One Whom Possess a Clever Head." Bou (normally used in the North African Regions of the Maghrib Countries) has 2 possible derivative meanings both originating from the Arabic language, "Son of." or an Arabic word Tho meaning, "One Who Possess A Quality."Jettif is a variance of Jettef, Jeif or Ji'f . 28. Elphick, Richard; Giliomee, Hermann (eds. [197], From the 1940s to the 1960s, anti-apartheid resistance within the country took the form mainly of passive resistance, influenced in part by the pacifist ideology of Mahatma Gandhi. On 10 May 1994 Mandela was inaugurated as South Africa's new President in Pretoria with Thabo Mbeki and F. W. De Klerk as his vice-presidents. Lennet South African Letesha South African Louw Afrikaans Louw is a surname that has pre 7th century Germanic origins. When the British refused, Kruger declared war. [88] War broke out again in 1865. Discusses commonest names, some famous names, etymology . [127], Dissatisfaction with British influence in the Union's affairs reached a climax in September 1914, when impoverished Boers, anti-British Boers and bitter-enders launched a rebellion. Lynx Southern African, English. The police and military who controlled the JMCs by the mid-1980s were endowed with influence in decision-making at every level, from the Cabinet down to local government. In 1854, it was granted its first locally elected legislature, the Cape Parliament. Afrikaans, previously regarded as a low-level Dutch patois, replaced Dutch as an official language of the Union. The establishment of the staging post by the Dutch East India Company at the Cape in 1652 soon brought the Khoikhoi into conflict with Dutch settlers over land ownership. [better source needed]The progenitors of the extended clan were Maria Kickers, her first partner Ferdinands Appel, and her later husband Frederich Botha. [4] The Dutch East India Company established a trading post in Cape Town under the command of Jan van Riebeeck in 1652,[5] European workers who settled at the Cape became known as the Free Burghers and gradually established farms in the Dutch Cape Colony.[6]. The small initial group of free burghers, as these farmers were known, steadily increased in number and began to expand their farms further north and east into the territory of the Khoikhoi. Social Security Death Index (SSDI) for South African, Browse profiles of historical people with the South African last name, This page needs Javascript enabled in order to work properly. From 2629 April 1994, the South African population voted in the first universal suffrage general elections. It authorised the forced evictions of thousands of African people from urban centres in South Africa and South West Africa (now Namibia) to what became described colloquially as "Bantustans" or the "original homes", as they were officially referred to, of the black tribes of South Africa. [126], General Louis Botha headed the first government of the new Union, with General Jan Smuts as his deputy. 27. [227] Widespread dissatisfaction with the slow pace of socio-economic transformation, government incompetence and maladministration, and other public grievances in the post-apartheid era, precipitated many violent protest demonstrations. This did not prevent the outbreak of a Second AngloBoer war. [70], In 1825, a faction of the Griqua people was induced by Dr John Philip, superintendent of the London Missionary Society in Southern Africa, to relocate to a place called Philippolis, a mission station for the San, several hundred miles southeast of Griqualand. 127. This has been interpreted as the earliest example ever discovered of abstract art or symbolic art created by Homo sapiens. At its peak in 1987, the UDF had some 700 affiliates and about 3,000,000 members. In early South Africa, European notions of national boundaries and land ownership had no counterparts in African political culture. [57] The Boers accepted British annexation in 1844. In 2015, the discovery near Johannesburg of a previously unknown species of Homo was announced, named Homo naledi. In late October, Boer commandos supported by local Kgatla tribal collaborators laid siege to the caves. In the later annexation of the Zulu kingdom by imperial Britain, an Anglo-Zulu War was fought in 1879. The territory of the South African Republic became known after this war as the Transvaal Colony.[54]. Smuts also signed the Paris Peace Treaty, resolving the peace in Europe, thus becoming the only signatory of both the treaty ending the First World War, and that which ended the Second.[140]. (2014). The majority of burghers had Dutch ancestry and belonged to the Dutch Reformed Church, but there were also some Germans, who often happened to be Lutherans. [219] By 2019 the number of skilled black South Africans emigrating out of the country had surpassed the number of white emigres. Ransford, Oliver. [59] Annexation also precipitated a war between British colonial forces and the indigenous Xhosa nation in 1850, in the eastern coastal region.[60]. The first was formed by Hermann Eckstein in 1887, eventually becoming Rand Mines. [31], In 1787, shortly before the French Revolution, a faction within the politics of the Dutch Republic known as the Patriot Party attempted to overthrow the regime of stadtholder William V. Though the revolt was crushed, it was resurrected after the French invasion of the Netherlands in 1794/1795 which resulted in the stadtholder fleeing the country.

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